According to the American Academy of Periodontology, necrotizing gingivitis is one of the acute periodontal diseases. A clinical case is presented, in which an adequate diagnosis of the local and general status has been carried out consistently, as well as treatment of the acute phase …

Matrix metalloproteinases play a fundamental role in tissue physiology, and in host responce and MMP-8 is considered to be indicator of periodontal diseases. This study aims to compare MMP-8 levels in saliva and Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with periodontal health, plaque-induced gingivitis, and …

Background: Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis is an inflammatory process of dental origin, localized in the maxillary cavity with all the characteristic manifestations of inflammation. The diagnosis is made on the basis of medical history, objective examination and paraclinical examinations (radiography, computed tomography, pulp vitality test). Case …

Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease with episodes of exacerbation and remission, mediated by the immune response of the host. The pathogenesis of the periodontal disease is disturbing the interest of many investigators in order to find the mechanisms accelerating the destructive process. The cytokines are …

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurological and developmental disorder which affects how people communicate with others, learn, and behave. It is described as a “developmental disorder” , because symptoms generally appear in the first two years of life and cause delays in many different …

Botulinum toxin A (BTx-A), a neurotoxin isolated from Clostridium botulinum, has been used for the treatment of a wide spectrum of conditions involving muscular spasm and hyperactivity, bruxism, in the management of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) related to muscle tension, fatigue, in cases of blepharospasm, …

Studies on the maximum bite force in subjects with different facial types, age and gender are scarce and the values in some cases are controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the maximum bite force in individuals with different facial types and of …

The basis of the macroorganism’s reaction is the inflammatory response to the presence of plaque biofilm,modified by genetic factors (which explains why the rapidly progressive forms of periodontitis have a tendency forfamily aggregation), as well as systemic environmental factors (smoking, diabetes, stress).Periodontal diseases are multifactorial, …

The term “stress” is derived from the Latin word “stringere” which means “strained”. Today, stress is classified as a “risk factor” for the development of periodontitis. Stress is seen as a cognitive perception of uncontrollability and/or unpredictability, i.e. expressed in physiological and behavioral response. Therefore, …

Geriatric Dentistry (Gerodontology) deals with the provision of dental care to the elderly, including the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of problems associated with age-related diseases. Its purpose is to prepare specialists to acquire skills, knowledge and experience to treat patients in an institutional, public or …

Background: Alveolar osteitis (AO) or fibrinolytic osteitis is one of the most common complications following tooth extraction. The aetiopathogenesis and prevention of this condition has been a subject of debate throughout the years. Assessment of risk factors can guide the physician to minimize the incidence …

This literature review examines the composite materials for making inlay, onlay, and overlay using Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technologies (Subtractive manufacturing technologies (milling) and Additive manufacturing technologies (3D printing)). The chemical composition and mechanical properties of composite materials for making inlays, onlays, and …

Aim. Determination of the incidence of different types of vertical facial pattern in Bulgarian individuals aged 17-20 years. Material and Methods. The study included 110 subjects, 43 male and 67 female. The mean age of the participants was 18.4 ± 6.1 years. Lateral cephalometry was …

Vertical root fractures (VRFs) are characterized by complete or incomplete fractures that extend through the long axis towards the apex. They may occur when the root fractures are fatigued by external forces. Endodontic treatment is efficient in the treatment of root canals, where the infection …

Palliative care is active comprehensive care for patients whose illness does not respond to treatment.  Palliative care specialists deal with patients in the terminal stage of illness or aging. Palliative care is an approach that encompasses procedures to relieve pain, distressing symptoms and maintain function …

In the last year is most important to keep the vitality of the dental pulp because when it is necessary to make endodontic treatment, results are only sometimes predictable. Most authors take care of indirect and direct pulp treatment and vital pulp therapy. The important …

Different types of blood products have been introduced in dental medicine since 1990. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous blood product that can improve tissue healing and finds wide clinical application. The application of PRF in dental medicine has gained popularity due to its effect …

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dental caries in individuals over 18. Materials and methods: Patients over 18 participated in the study after signing informed consent. The risk factors for developing dental caries were evaluated – carbohydrate diet, oral hygiene, and saliva …

Objective: The study aimed to assess the relationship between health knowledge, demographic determinants, and dental caries intensity in adults. Materials and methods: The study involved 100 patients aged 19 to 64 years. A structured questionnaire assessed sociodemographic factors and oral health knowledge. The DMFT+t index …

The Imaging methods are an integral part in diagnostics and follow up of the osteolytic changes in chronic inflammatory periapical lesions. The review examines the opportunities of the main imaging methods applied in everyday practice for visualizing these changes – intraoral radiographs, panoramic tomography, and …

Aim: The study aimed to establish a health education program for adults from 19 to 64 years after assessing their attitudes and knowledge about dental care and oral health. Materials and methods: The study involved 59 women and 41 men. They were asked to complete …

Background. Improvement in the biological qualities of blood products (change of centrifugation protocols, type of apparatus, type of test tubes) and surgical techniques might enhance endodontic surgery‘s outcome and the healing process. The local application of plasma-rich fibrin has been advocated to enforce bone regeneration …